Non è un azzardo sostenere che “ipoglicemia” sia diventata una parola di uso comune, a volte anche impiegata a sproposito, senza cognizione di causa.
Letteralmente parliamo di ipoglicemia quando il cervello ha bisogno di zucchero e lancia l’allarme: “Presto, datemi qualcosa di dolce!”.
Ed è così che vi si sente. Deboli, senza forze, esausti.
Ma approfondiamo…
L’ipoglicemia si manifesta con il repentino abbassamento dei valori normali del livello di zucchero nel sangue.
É una delle più comuni manifestazioni di complicanze acute del diabete.
Le cause possono essere molteplici e includere: il mancato rispetto degli orari dei pasti, un regime alimentare “a rischio”, la sedentarietà e l’abuso di insulina.
I sintomi possono essere vari ma, negli ipoglicemici cronici, possono anche non esserci o presentarsi in forma lieve.
In generale i sintomi più comuni sono:
Quando, considerati i sintomi rivelatori, sospettate un aggravamento dell’ipoglicemia, effettuate un controllo della glicemia per scongiurarne l’aggravamento.
Se risulterà un valore glicemico basso, correte ai ripari e correggete i livelli.
Correggete l’ipoglicemia assumendo carboidrati a rapido assorbimento, seguendo la cosiddetta “regola del 15”.
Considerate che 15 grammi di glucosio determinano un incremento della glicemia di circa 38 mg/dl nell’arco di 20 minuti; dopo aver assunto 15 g di zuccheri semplici, rivalutatela dopo 15 minuti ripetendo l’operazione almeno fino a quando il valore della glicemia non supera i 100 mg/dl.
Rivalutate la glicemia ancora ogni 15 minuti: non fermatevi fino al rilevamento di almeno due valori nella norma.
Se però il soggetto è incosciente e si trova quindi in uno stato di crisi ipoglicemica grave, chiamate subito il Pronto Soccorso e il medico curante.
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