I percorsi educativi di gruppo aiutano le persone con diabete a migliorare il controllo della patologia e a porre maggiore attenzione sulla prevenzione delle complicanze.
Lo ha dimostrato il Progetto ROMEO (Ripensare l’Organizzazione per Migliorare l’Educazione e gli Outcome) del 2004, curato dalla dottoressa Marina Trento, Psicopedagogista del Laboratorio di Pedagogia clinica, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna dell’Università di Torino.
Lo studio prevedeva la condivisione di esperienze personali tra persone con diabete con la guida di personale sanitario e, negli 815 pazienti con diabete che hanno seguito un percorso di terapia di gruppo, è stato registrato:
– un miglior compenso metabolico;
– un abbassamento dei livelli di colesterolo e trigliceridi;
– una migliore capacità di gestire il diabete.
Il programma, inoltre, ha contribuito ad abbattere le barriere comunicative fra i pazienti e i loro medici, rendendo i primi più attivi, propositivi e competenti.
In base a un altro studio Diabetes education through group classes leads to better care and outcomes than individual counselling in adults: A population-based cohort study pubblicato nel 2014, i valori glicemici dei partecipanti all’educazione di gruppo e dei partecipanti a un’educazione mista, sia di gruppo, sia individuale, sono stati migliori rispetto a quelli relativi ai soggetti che si sono sottoposti unicamente a terapia individuale. Coloro che hanno frequentato esclusivamente le sessioni di gruppo hanno fatto un uso minore di insulina e dimostrato un buon controllo glicemico, con meno ospedalizzazioni per ipo/iperglicemia e ulcere ai piedi.
La terapia di gruppo diventa quindi un importante supporto psicologico e un motore propulsore al cambiamento positivo nel paziente e questo avviene perché la condivisione degli aspetti problematici e degli obiettivi terapeutici tra soggetti che vivono in una condizione analoga di salute li rende più motivati e determinati a modificare le abitudini di vita, rispetto al metodo individuale in cui il soggetto deve affrontare da solo la terapia e tutto ciò che l’accompagna.
Puoi rivolgerti alle Associazioni presenti sul tuo territorio per chiedere supporto e conoscere gli eventi organizzati nella tua zona, per condividere insieme ad altre persone la tua esperienza.
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