L’olio di palma è un ingrediente ampiamente utilizzato dall’industria alimentare ma altamente demonizzato dai consumatori, soprattutto nel settore del cibo per bambini.
Un team di ricercatori dell’Università di Bari in collaborazione con gli atenei di Pisa e Padova, ha pubblicato sulla rivista Diabetologia uno studio secondo cui questo e altri grassi nocivi possono distruggere le cellule beta del pancreas, responsabili della produzione di insulina, facendo da apripista al diabete di tipo 2.
Il palmitato, un acido grasso presente nell’olio di palma e in misura minore anche nel burro e nei formaggi, abbonda nel sangue di persone obese e in sovrappeso a causa della dieta poco equilibrata.
Il coordinatore dello studio, il Dott. Francesco Giorgino, ordinario di Endocrinologia e Malattie del Metabolismo all’Università Aldo Moro di Bari e coordinatore del Comitato Scientifico della Società Italiana Diabetologia, spiega:
È un potente induttore di stress ossidativo a livello cellulare. Agisce promuovendo la formazione di specie reattive dell’ossigeno, che sono in grado di danneggiare e uccidere le cellule. E funge anche da amplificatore di altri fattori in grado di promuovere lo stress ossidativo, quali l’iperglicemia nel diabete e un aumento della produzione di fattori coinvolti nell’infiammazione.
Un elevato consumo di questo ingrediente si legherebbe, quindi, all’aumento di diabete e con la distruzione delle cellule del pancreas.
Lo stesso team che ha firmato lo studio ha apportato di recente (ottobre 2015) una correzione, precisando che gli animali usati per l’esperimento sono stati nutriti con una dieta ricca di grassi, ma composta per il “60% di energia da olio di palma idrogenato”; la tecnica dell’idrogenazione, però, non viene usata dall’industria alimentare.
L’olio di palma che è già allo stato solido, non richiede tale processo, e per questo è preferito ad altri oli vegetali da molte aziende.
La dichiarazione di errore evidenzia dunque che l’effetto rilevato dallo studio deve essere attribuito all’uso di grassi idrogenati in eccesso, e non di olio di palma, che non richiede affatto per gli usi nell’alimentazione umana il processo di idrogenazione, ritenuto da anni dannoso per la salute.
I detrattori degli oli vegetali restano comunque tanti e molto accaniti. E tu, “di che partito” sei?
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